Move finder to named_scope

Bad Smell

class PostsController < ApplicationController
  def index
    @published_posts = Post.find(:all, :conditions => { :state => 'published' },
                                       :limit => 10,
                                       :order => 'created_at desc')

    @draft_posts = Post.find(:all, :conditions => { :state => 'draft' },
                                   :limit => 10,
                                   :order => 'created_at desc')
  end
end

In this example, PostsController uses two complex finders to get the published_posts and draft_posts. There are 2 bad smells:

1. The controller method contains complex finders is always too long, which make it difficult to read.
2. The same complex finders may be existed in different controllers, if you change the logic, you have to change the complex finders in different place, which adds the possibilities to create bugs.

Refactor

class PostsController < ApplicationController
  def index
    @published_posts = Post.published
    @draft_posts = Post.draft
  end
end

class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
  named_scope :published, :conditions => { :state => 'published' },
                          :limit => 10,
                          :order => 'created_at desc'
  named_scope :draft, :conditions => { :state => 'draft' },
                      :limit => 10,
                      :order => 'created_at desc'
end

Now, we move the complex finder from controller to model. As you seen, code in controller are really simpler and more readable. Complex finders are existed only in models, so if your logic changes, you just want to change the code in model.

updated: in rails 3 or newer versions, you should use scope instead of named_scope.